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Tvorba mobilnej aplikácie pre koncept Time under tension
Moric, Marek
The essence of this work is to design and implement an application that allows users to set the type and target of a timer. The various types of activities and timer outcomes are fully under the user's control. The research of the work is focused on concepts and technologies that appear in the work. The methodology deals with the requirements and design phases that the implementation part of the work has gone through.
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The effect of complex and isolated exercises on maximal strength and muscle hypertrophy
Rychtera, Jan ; Blažek, Dušan (advisor) ; Hojka, Vladimír (referee)
Title: The effect of complex and isolated exercises on maximal strength and muscle hypertrophy Objectives: The aim of the bachelor's thesis was to determine the effectiveness of single-joint and multi-joint exercises on muscle hypertrophy, maximal and submaximal strength in a non-training population. Methods: The given isolated and complex training plan was used in the work, where one group performed training containing complex exercises, the other only isolated exercises. The total intervention lasted 15 weeks, with 6 weeks dedicated to the exercise program, 1 week to the output measurement of body composition on the InBody720 device and testing of 1OM, 3OM, 12OM strength performances, according to which the effectiveness of the applied programs was evaluated. The same measurement was carried out in the first week before the start of the intervention itself in the form of an initial measurement. A 14-day break was followed by an exchange of exercise programs for both groups, and the entire cycle was repeated. The Baechle protocol was used to assess maximal strength. Data from the testing were evaluated using statistical functions mean, standard deviation (SMODCH) and using parametric T- tests. Results: The study found that both isolated and complex exercise plans had a positive effect on the...
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Mechanism of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Hadravová, Kateřina ; Horníková, Daniela (advisor) ; Benák, Daniel (referee)
Cardiomyopathies are a group of chronic cardiac diseases of unclear etiology. We can separate them by morphological and functional signs into restrictive, dilated and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a relatively common disease in which the development of cardiac hypertrophy is not based on risk factors such as hypertension or atherosclerosis. Compared to acquired cardiac hypertrophy the hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is mainly caused by hereditary mutations. These mutations are mostly in genes for myosin heavy chain β and myosin binding protein C. Cardiac hypertrophy also presents with changes in the extracellular matrix caused by matrix metaloproteinases. They have a big impact on the morphology of cardiomyocytes and their loss, which in turn cause hypertrophy or left ventricle dilation. From medical point of view emphasis is put on prevention and early diagnosis using blood biomarkers. Among singnificant biomarkers are micro-RNAses, vascular endothelial growth factor B, NAD - dependent deacetylase sirtuin-3, growth/differentiation factor 15, glycoprotein 130 and calmodulin - dependent proteinkinase II. Causal treatment doesn't unfortunately exist, therefore symptomatic treatment is deployed using β blockers and calcium channel blockers. Newly used drugs include an...
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Experimental models of increased physical activity for cardiovascular research
Ševčíková, Anežka ; Kolář, František (advisor) ; Kašík, Petr (referee)
This thesis provides a critical review of experimental models and protocols of increased physical activity that have been used for various purposes in cardiovascular research in small laboratory rodents. The thesis describes their physiological and pathophysiological effects and evaluates the advantages and disadvantages of using each model to study the adaptive mechanisms and beneficial effects of physical activity on cardiovascular disease. The use of physical activity in cardiovascular patients or people with cardiovascular risk factors is also mentioned. A review of exercise stress tests used to detect the degree of experimental heart failure of various etiologies and specific examples are also included. Key words physical activity, endurance training, stress test, small laboratory animals, heart, hypertrophy, therapeutic effects
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The role of Akt / protein kinase B in healthy and hypertrophied heart
Heleš, Mário ; Žurmanová, Jitka (advisor) ; Hrdlička, Jaroslav (referee)
Protein kinase B, or Akt kinase is expressed in almost all tissues. Two main isoforms in heart are Akt1 and Akt2, which are responsible for regulation of metabolism, growth and survival of cardiomyocytes. Akt kinase is among other pathways stimulated by insulin receptor and mechanoreceptor cascades and its main targets are mTORC1, AMPK and GSK- 3β. Akt kinase is activated in presence of chronic hemodynamic overload of heart. In dependence of intensity and duration of overload, Akt participate in triggering of either adaptive, fully reversible hypertrophy or detrimental irreversible form of hypertrophy, which causes impairment of pumping function of heart and can lead to heart failure. Many more factors with complex interactions participate in cardiac hypertrophy beside Akt kinase. Key words: heart, hypertrophy, Akt/protein kinase B, cardiac remodeling, insulin- like growth factor
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Application of blood flow restriction by a sport training of climbers - an innovative training method for sportsmen?
Javorský, Tomáš ; Baláš, Jiří (advisor) ; Dostal, Jiří (referee)
Title: Application of blood flow restriction by a sport training of climbers - an innovative training method for sportsmen? Author: Tomáš Javorský BSc. Department: Department of Physiology Supervisor: doc. Jiří Baláš, Ph.D. Abstract: The most common injuries of performance climbers include tendon injuries of finger flexors. This kind of injury can leave a sportsman unable to follow his training programme for several months, which can have a crucial impact on his peak season. The thesis comprised a comparison of a high-intensity training performed at 70% of muscle strength maximum, with a blood flow restriction training performed at a 30% muscle load, and also the physiological and functional aspects of the training. Objectives: The presumption is, that the combination of a low muscle load with an ischemy will achieve the same results as a high-intensity training. We also presume, that the alterations in muscle oxygenation remain the same despite different amounts of performed muscle work. Methods: 13 participants finished the experiment performed in the form of a crossover study. During the experiment the muscle oxidative capacity and the extent of the muscle deoxygenation were measured by spectroscopy. The maximum force, critical force, impulse and the impulse above the critical force point were measured...
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The effect of agonist and antagonist disets on submaximal bench press
Zeman, Ondřej ; Šťastný, Petr (advisor) ; Petr, Miroslav (referee)
1 Abstract Title: The effect of agonist and antagonist superset on submaximal performance during BP Objectives: The aim of this work is to determine the differences in effect of different types of sets and order of individual exercises on submaximal performance in BP, with resistence of 4RM and 4-minute rest interval. Methods: In this work, a method of experimental research combined with a method of analysis was used. Method of a randomized experimental research was applied during the achal research with non-changing conditions. Later, the collected data were analysed and evaluated using the MBD method of analysing. Results: The results of this work are significant changes in numbers of performed sets of BP during KON, ANT and AGO schemes, with AGO having a negative effect of -38% of performance when compared with KON scheme with 100% probability. ANT, on the other hand, showed a positive effect of +20% when compared to KON scheme with 95% probability. The results of this work suggest that using AGO is a good method to increase submaximal performance in BP. Keywords: agonist, antagonist, volume, hypertrophy, individualization, physical intervention
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Effect of incubation temperature on growth of the working and conducting myocardium in the embryonic chick
Skuhrová, Kristýna ; Sedmera, David (advisor) ; Gregorovičová, Martina (referee)
It was shown almost 50 years ago that hypothermic incubation of chicken embryos results in a reduction in the size of embryos and an increase in the heart weight, presumably by hypertrophy (increase in cell volume). The chicken embryos were incubated in normothermia (37.5 ř C) and hypothermia (33.5 ř C) from the eleventh embryonic day. On the 17th day, the embryos were weighed and then their hearts were weighed. In agreement with the previous results, hypothermic embryos were 29% smaller and their hearts 18% heavier. The heart-to-body weight ratio was 67% higher in the hypothermic group. The measured cell size was very similar in the target areas and it was also between the two groups. The left ventricle width was twofold that the right one and the difference was not significantly higher in the hypothermia model. Purkinje fibers, the terminal part of the conduction system, were smaller than the working cardiomyocytes. Purkinje fibers were slightly enlarged after hypothermic incubation. The proliferation rate was measured by immunohistochemical labeling of anti-phospho histone H3. The experimental group showed much higher proliferation rate; it reached statistical significance in the right ventricle. Thus, hypothermic incubation resulted in increased growth of embryonic heart based on hyperplasia...
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Hormonal changes in strength training
Rafael, Gáll ; Petr, Miroslav (advisor) ; Šteffl, Michal (referee)
Title: Hormonal changes in strength training Objectives: Perform a systematic review of literature dealing with hormonal changes in strength training. Based on the informations from aforementioned literature, describe wheather acute hormonal response after a bout of strength training significantly influence the proces of hypertrophy or not. Hormone testosterone and changes of its concentrations is for this thesis the most important. Methods: Method of traditional review was used in this thesis. Results: The presence of acute hormonal changes occurred in strength training was confirmed in numerous studies. Role of this hormonal response is because of variability in results not very clear yet. Chronicle changes of resting hormonal levels in strength training are not observed according to results of studies. For better understanding of hormonal strength in strength training, another studies have to be executed. Keywords: endocrinal system, strength training, hormonal response, testosterone, hypertrophy.
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Anthropometry and 3D scan differences of upper body in resistance trained athletes and soccer players
Čečelský, Jakub ; Šťastný, Petr (advisor) ; Petr, Miroslav (referee)
The name of this dissertation: Differences between comparison using anthropometry and 3D scanning of the upper body with a power-trained athletes and football players. The aim of this dissertation: Compare the outputs of anthropometric measurements and measurements using 3D scanning for upper body power-trained athletes and football players. Method: The contents of this work was measured antropometri (height, weight, length arm width skinfold, measurement epicondyle, physical circuits) scanning both arms chest. Somatotype was measured using a method of Heath-Carter. Correlation analysis was used to search the potential of the relationship between variables. The sample consisted of 24 subjects in two groups. ST group (power-trained) = 15 probands FB group (playing football) = 9 probands. Results: I summarized the findings of anthropometry and 3D scanning with using literature. Statistical and real significance has shown differences between study groups, and therefore we can conclude that despite similar somatic composition are frictionally trained demonstrably more active muscle on the contrary, we found that the total mass We clearly does not affect the age, size, or percentage of fat that had little effect on intergroup comparison. This means that despite the diversity of sporting focus of the two...
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